# Scrubbing and Seeking

From Audacity Development Manual

Scrubbing or Seeking is the action of moving the mouse pointer right or left so as to adjust the position, speed or direction of playback, listening to the audio at the same time - a convenient way to quickly navigate the waveform to find a particular event of interest.

The term "Scrubbing" comes from the early days of the recording industry and refers to the process of physically rotating tape reels to move the tape past the play head to locate a specific point in the audio track.

In Audacity

- Scrubbing changes the audio position without skipping.
- Seeking changes the audio position, skipping over audio to move more quickly.

Seeking is primarily used to find some position in the audio. Usually you will want to mark that position to remember it.

- All the normal ways of marking audio will still work during seeking. In particular:
  - You can drag to make selection, whilst scrubbing.
  - You can Ctrl+drag to extend a selection whilst scrubbing.

## Contents

1. Scrubbing
2. Seeking
3. Pinned play head Scrubbing and Seeking
4. Scrub Toolbar
5. Scrubbing using the keyboard

## Scrubbing

The primary method for scrubbing is with the Scrubbing command from the Transport Tooolbar: Transport > Scrubbing > Scrub.

The green play head cursor will appear but otherwise nothing will happen until you move the mouse pointer to right or left to play forwards or backwards respectively. As soon as you move the cursor left or right the green left- and right-pointing scrub widget is displayed at the bottom of the Timeline. If you then drag the cursor over the waveform Audacity will scrub play the audio.

The image below shows scrubbing taking place in default unpinned play head mode.

### Scrub Ruler

A useful alternative method for scrubbing is with the Scrub Ruler, the gray strip immediately below the Timeline.

| The Scrub Ruler is off and not displayed by default in Audacity. You can enable it in Interface Preferences by selecting Show Scrub Ruler in the Timeline section.

If you hover the cursor over the Scrub Ruler you will see green left- and right-pointing scrub widget appear (along with a tooltip if you continue to hover). Clicking anywhere in the Scrub Ruler and releasing the left mouse button will start Scrubbing from there. Note that in this image the green scrub widget is to the right of the green triangle play head, indicating that forwards scrubbing towards the pointer is taking place.

On starting scrub by clicking in Scrub Ruler, the green scrub widget will appear in the Scrub Ruler and the green play head cursor will appear in the Timeline.

Playback continues until the play head in the Timeline reaches the green Scrub widget , and restarts when the pointer is moved again. If you keep moving the pointer slowly, this plays the audio slowly. If you move the pointer a long way from the play head, this plays at normal (1x) speed.

When Scrubbing you can left-click in Scrub Ruler and hold the button down to temporarily change to Seeking. Once you release the mouse button you can move it to resume Scrubbing from the point at which you stopped Seeking.

Right-clicking anywhere in Scrub Ruler displays a menu identical to that in Transport > Scrubbing where you can quickly start, stop (or change between) Seeking or Scrubbing or turn Scrub Ruler off. Using this menu to change between Seeking and Scrubbing saves you having to move the pointer to Scrub Toolbar and so change the play head position un-necessarily. Adding and using shortcuts for Scrub and Seek has the same benefit.

- Once Audacity is in scrub play mode it will remain in that mode until you explicitly stop playback (which then allows you to restart in normal play mode).
  - To stop scrub play and set the cursor at the current playback position, click the Stop button (or its shortcut Space). It may be useful to label that position for future reference. Alternatively click the Play button to restart normal playback immediately from the current playback position. These methods remove any selection that was present before stopping scrub play.
  - To stop scrub play, leaving the selection or editing cursor where it is, use the Escape Esc key.

- The speed of scrub can be controlled by rotating the mouse wheel (if your mouse is so equipped). Each four steps upwards of the rotated wheel doubles the speed, and each four steps downwards halves the speed. This is equivalent to one octave of pitch change. The changed scrub speed will be shown for a few seconds in ochre text superimposed on the track. Changed speeds set by the mouse wheel are not remembered if you stop playback and restart Scrubbing.

On MacOS Lion and later, the default scroll direction is reversed, so that moving up with the mouse wheel or Track Pad reduces scrub speed and moving down increases speed. You can change the scroll direction in the System Preferences.

- You can zoom at the mouse pointer position while Scrubbing or Seeking by holding the Ctrl key (⌘ on Mac) down and rotating the mouse wheel, or by using the zoom buttons in Edit Toolbar or their shortcuts, or by using the View Menu zoom commands.

- For safety reasons, you cannot start Scrubbing or Seeking while recording (or paused in recording mode).

## Seeking

Seeking is similar to Scrubbing except that it is playback with skips, similar to using the seek button on a CD player. Even if you move the mouse pointer a long way from the current position of the play head, the play head will immediately move very close to the mouse pointer, letting you move across the audio rapidly.

Seeking with unpinned play head is always at 1x speed. You can control the maximum seek speed with by mouse position and mouse wheel when you are in pinned play head mode.

To enter Seeking or change from Scrubbing to Seeking, click the Seek button in Scrub Toolbar . Alternatively you can use the Transport > Scrubbing menu item and select Seek from the cascading menu, or set a shortcut for Seek in Keyboard Preferences.

When Seeking, the Seek widget will appear in the Scrub Ruler (or in the Timeline if the Scrub Ruler is not displayed). There is no need to drag the widget when in Seek - moving the pointer seeks in the same way as drag.

While Scrubbing or Seeking, you can still click in the track to set the editing cursor, or click and drag to make a selection. The point or region could then be labeled. For example, let the play head reach the mouse pointer at the start of a region of interest. Then drag a selection which will play, stop dragging and release the mouse when you hear the end of the region you want, then label the selection.

## Pinned play head Scrubbing and Seeking

In order to achieve pinned play head scrubbing and seeking you will need to turn "off" the option for "Always scrub unpinned" in Playback preferences.

If you use Scrubbing or Seeking with the play head pinned in the Timeline, so that playback constantly scrolls the track, the speed of scrub or seek playback behaves differently to when the play head is unpinned. The play head can be repositioned in the Timeline but you should find that centered is the most useful when you are scrubbing or seeking.

In pinned play head mode the mouse pointer position always directly determines the speed of scrub or seek. The further away you move the mouse pointer from the Timeline play head (in either direction), the faster the scrub or seek. The current scrub or seek speed is shown permanently in lime green text, superimposed on the track. The default maximum scrub speed is +1.00 (for forwards play) and -1.00 (for backwards play), that is normal speed. The default maximum seek speed is +10.00 (for forwards play) and -10.00 (for backwards play).

The speed of scrolling scrub or seek as determined by the mouse position can be varied by rotating the mouse wheel (if your mouse is so equipped). Move the wheel upwards to increase the speed or downwards to reduce the speed. This works at the same time as modifying the speed by moving the pointer left or right. The maximum possible speed with the pointer at either edge of the window and the wheel at maximum speed is 32.00x for Seeking and 320.00x for Scrubbing. Changed speeds set by the mouse wheel are not remembered if you stop playback and restart Seeking.

| The default pinned position is the center of the Timeline, but you can change this by clicking on the pinned head and dragging it along the Timeline while you are playing or recording. A double-click on the head will restore it to its default position in the center of the Timeline.

A very useful setting for using scrubbing with pinned play head is to move the pointer to the extreme right (100%) position and increase the maximum speed to 2.00x.

With this setting, when you move the pointer back to the 75% position on the waveform you will get normal speed forwards playback and at 25% position you will get normal speed backwards playback. Moving the pointer towards the center from there will give you gradually slower than normal speed and moving towards the right or left edges will give you gradually faster than normal speed up to your chosen maximum of 2.00x.

  Image of forwards scrubbing at 1.00x speed having set a 2.00x maximum speed, waveform moving leftwards.

For details on setting and un-setting pinned play and record head please see Pinned Play/Record Head on the Timeline page.

## Scrubbing and Seeking using the Scrub Toolbar

The Scrub Toolbar is not dispayed by default, you can turn it on from View>Toolbars and selecting Scrub Toolbar.

Clicking the Scrub button in Scrub Toolbar when stopped or using standard playback will put you into scrub play mode. Alternatively you can use the Transport > Scrubbing menu item and select Scrub from the cascading menu, or set a shortcut for Scrub in Keyboard Preferences. Similarly the Seek button in Scrub Toolbar can be clicked to start seeking.

On starting scrub or seek, the green play head cursor will appear but otherwise nothing will happen until you move the mouse pointer to right or left to play forwards or backwards respectively. Playback continues until the play head in the Timeline reaches the pointer, and restarts when the pointer is moved again. If you keep moving the pointer slowly, this plays the audio slowly. If you move the pointer a long way from the play head, this plays at normal (1x) speed.

Once you move the pointer, the scrub widget , or seek widget , appears and a vertical white line through the waveform follows the movement of the scrub widget.

- You can switch between scrubbing and seeking by clicking on the opposing button
- You can stop scrubbing by clicking on the Scrub button again, and similarly for seeking by ckicking on the Seek button again

Clicking the Scrub Ruler button in Scrub Toolbar makes Scrub Ruler appear below the Timeline (or hides Scrub Ruler when it is already enabled). Alternatively you can use the Transport > Scrubbing menu item and select Scrub Ruler from the cascading menu, or set a shortcut for Scrub Ruler in Keyboard Preferences.

## Scrubbing using the keyboard

We have added two new shortcut commands to facilitate scrubbing from the keyboard:

- I: Scrub Forwards
- U: Scrub Backwards

They are part of the Standard default set of keyboard shortcuts.

After pressing one of the two keys playback continues until the key is released. Playback starts from the cursor position or the start of a time selection if there is one. Scrubbing is not limited by any selection that may be present.

If one of the keyboard scrubbing keys is being held down, and the other keyboard scrubbing key is pressed scrubbing immediately changes direction, and does not stop when the original key is released.

The speed of playback is determined by the zoom level. If the zoom level is normal the playback speed is one half of the normal playback speed. Zooming in (Ctrl + 1) halves the playback speed, zooming out (Ctrl + 3) doubles the playback speed. There are minimum and maximum playback speeds of one sixteenth and 3x, respectively.

| If you want to use keyboard scrubbing at normal speed click Ctrl + 2 to return to normal zoom level followed by Ctrl + 3 to zoom out one level.

### Marking scrub positions

- When either of the scrubbing keys is released the position of the cursor is set to the time in the Timeline where the key was released (this means you will lose any selection you previously had).
- You can mark changed beginning and end points of a new selection (or create a new selection) while you are scrubbing by using the left bracket [ and or right bracket ] keys. If you press either of these keys the position of the cursor is not set to the time when the key was released. See this page for more details on the use of these shortcuts.

### Bugs affecting keyboard scrubbing

This implementation is affected by an existing bug:

- Bug 1956 - Windows: For MME and Windows Direct Sound the playback cursor is buffer length ahead of actual audio playing. This means that on Windows WASAPI is the preferable host to choose if scrubbing is being used for accurate positioning of the cursor.

| The commands Scrub Forwards and Scrub Backwards appear on the Transport sub menu of the Extra menu but they cannot actually be used for Scrubbing as they execute a Key-Down immediately followed by a Key-Up. The menu items are needed so that the current keystrokes can be viewed and modified if necessary in Keyboard preferences.

## Links

> Quick-Play

> Timer Recording

> Punch and Roll Recording

|< Playing and Recording