# FAQ:Recording - How To's

From Audacity Development Manual

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## How can I record in stereo?

Audacity by default should already be set to record in stereo. If this is not the case, use Device Toolbar to select the playback and recording devices and to set the channels to "2 (stereo) Recording Channels".

Alternatively you can open the Audacity Preferences, choose the "Devices" section on the left, then in the "Recording" panel, change the number of recording channels to "2 (Stereo)".

Windows: Many USB recording devices, even if stereo, are seen as "microphones" so set by Windows to record in mono. If Audacity is set to record in stereo this will cause both channels to have the same content as one of the channels.

To set Windows to record the device in stereo:

- By the system clock, right-click over the Speaker icon select Sounds then the Recording tab, and then click on the USB device in the list and click Properties. Click the Advanced tab set your required bit rate and sample rate from the Default Format dropdown (normally "2 channel 16-bit 44,100 Hz").

For a more detailed walk-through of the above steps for Windows (or if that does not work for your version of Windows), see Windows: accessing the Windows Sound controls.

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## What is an optimal recording level to aim for?

Using the Recording Volume Slider on Mixer Toolbar to adjust the level, aim for a maximum peak of around \xe2\x80\x936 dB on the Recording Meter (or 0.5 if the meter is set to linear scale). This should ensure that clipping will be avoided. The recording will only show a maximum peak of around 0.5 on the default waveform display, but given how the ear hears sound, this is actually much louder than apparent "half volume".

You can boost the level if necessary after recording and editing by using Effect > Amplify or Effect > Normalize.

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## How do I record from vinyl records, cassette tapes or MiniDiscs?

1. Set Audacity to record in stereo.
2. Plug one end of a stereo cable into the "Line Out" or "Headphone" connector on your tape deck, MiniDisc player, or stereo system. Plug the other end into your computer's "Line In" port. If you do not have a suitable cable, you can find one at an electronics store.
3. Choose "Line In" as the recording source in Audacity's Device Toolbar or Devices Preferences.
4. Press the red Record button. While Audacity is recording, start playing your tape or disc. When you have captured the audio you want to record, press the Stop button. You can also press the Pause button to pause recording, and Pause again to resume recording on the same track.

For a detailed tutorial, see Copying tapes, LPs or MiniDiscs to CD. This covers all the steps from recording your records, cassettes or MiniDiscs to exporting as an audio file and burning to an audio CD.

Vinyl or shellac records can also be recorded into Audacity with a special type of turntable that connects to the USB port of your computer. These turntables need to be set up differently from those that connect to line-in. See Recording with USB turntables or USB cassette decks for setup instructions, then Basic Recording, Editing and Exporting in the main tutorial.

Connection hints:

- Do not connect a turntable directly to your computer. The signal from a turntable must be passed through a phono pre-amplifier or a receiver with a "phono" input that provides phono amplification. Otherwise, it will be too quiet and will also sound "tinny" due to incorrect equalization.

- Do not plug stereo equipment into your computer's "Microphone" port. This port is usually designed only for low level, mono microphone input. It will produce distortion if you connect phono amplified output. Use the "Line In" port if you have one (on some laptops or other portable computers, the "Mic" port can be switched to a line-level input). See further help.

See also:

- How to split a long recording into multiple files.
- How do I save my recording on an audio CD?

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## Can I play a track while recording a new one on top of it?

This is known as recording an overdub to create a multi-track recording. It makes it possible to record harmonies with yourself, or add new instruments or vocals to an existing recording. To do this in Audacity, follow these instructions:

1. Select the recording device you are plugged into (probably microphone or line-in) in the Recording Device menu in Device Toolbar
   - If you do not see your required recording device, enable it and make it default in the operating system's mixer. For Windows see Windows: accessing the Windows Sound controls. To locate the system mixer for Mac and Linux see the help on our Wiki for Mac or Linux, then in Audacity, chooseTransport > Rescan Audio Devices
2. Import or record the first track
3. Choose Transport > Transport Options > Overdub (on/off)
4. Press the Record button .

If you are recording from a microphone, make sure you use headphones so that the microphone picks up only what you are recording. Detailed, illustrated instructions on how to make overdub recordings are in Tutorial - Recording Multi-track Overdubs.

See also:

- Why is my new track not in sync with the previous ones?

- Why can I not hear what I am recording?

- Why can I not record in Windows?

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## Can Audacity record YouTube, Internet radio or other streaming audio?

- With most Windows and Linux audio devices, it is possible to record whatever sound the computer is currently playing, including Internet radio streams.
- Mac users can capture streaming audio using third-party standalone applications or system extensions.

See the Recording audio playing on the computer tutorial for details, following the link thereon for your particular operating platform.

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## What is the maximum recording length?

Audacity does not restrict the maximum recording length beyond the practical limitation that recording takes space on your drive so you can only record while the drive still has space available.

When you start to record, Audacity shows a "Disk space remains for recording" message in the Status Bar at bottom left of the Audacity window giving the current recording time available. With default Audacity settings, stereo recording takes 1.2 GB of space per hour.

After recording you will still need space to export the recording as an audio file for your computer. Editing the recording before export takes extra space. Each edit of a region requires as much extra disk space as was required to originally record that section.

To get more recording time:

- Delete your old files and folders (especially your old Audacity Project files when you have finished with them)
- Select an alternative drive that has more space in the Directories Preferences (but do not record to an external USB or FireWire disk because recording needs disk access to be as fast as possible)
- Record in mono instead of stereo (settable at "Recording Channels" in Device Toolbar or in Devices Preferences)
- Set the "Default Sample Format" in Quality Preferences to 16-bit instead of 32-bit (this is a good choice for a "quick recording" which you export at once without editing).

See Recording length for more details.

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## Can I set Audacity to record at a certain time?

Yes, see Timer Record in the Transport menu.

You can also make Audacity stop recording after a certain time limit without using the Timer Record feature, by following the instructions for Recording for a specific length of time.

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## Can I record from a multi-channel device (more than stereo)?

Yes, but this is not simple; typically this does not work "out of the box" on Windows consumer systems, and always requires use of appropriate hardware and device drivers. There are some known Audacity limitations in channel selection and channel-to-track allocation. It is essential that sample rates are matched in all places (Audacity, the operating system and the device). See Multi-channel Recording for more details.

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## Can I record from two microphones (or two audio interfaces) at the same time?

Audacity can only record from one sound device at a time, but here are some solutions.

- If your sound device has separate left and right mic inputs, connect the separate microphones to those inputs.
- Connect the separate microphones to a mixer and record from the mixer.
- If these are dynamic microphones that do not need extra power, buy an adaptor that has two inputs for the microphones with a single 1/8 inch TRS connector for the computer microphone port (this will usually only give you a combined mono input).
- Record each track to different computers.
- If you have two USB microphones or any other separate sound devices you can aggregate them as a single device for recording in Audacity, or use other recording software to record the two devices to separate tracks.
  - On Windows you can try the following.
    - Some applications can route two devices to one stream. Use Voice Meeter (donationware - see this YouTube video tutorial) or Virtual Audio Cable (not free).
    - It may also be possible on Windows to use the "Listen" feature to route inputs to the output, though this is slightly lossy.
      1. Right-click over the speaker icon by the system clock, choose "Sound" then choose "Recording devices".
      2. Right-click over the first device, choose "Properties" then the "Listen" tab (if available).
      3. Check "Listen to this device" and set it to play through the required audio interface.
      4. Repeat the steps for the other devices.
      5. Use the "stereo mix" feature on your audio interface (if it has such a feature) to record the computer playback.</ol>
    - Alis can capture simultaneous recordings from different audio interfaces.
    - Advanced: Compiling Audacity with ASIO support will allow you to aggregate two USB microphones, for example using the ASIO4ALL driver for WDM Audio. Aggregating two devices that use ASIO drivers is unlikely to work correctly.</ul>
  - On Mac use Audio MIDI Setup to aggregate devices.
  - On Linux you can use JACK to route two devices to one stream that Audacity can record from. See also these two Forum posts
    1. https://forum.audacityteam.org/viewtopic.php?f=27&t=56492&p=146769p142160#p142160
    2. https://forum.audacityteam.org/viewtopic.php?f=27&t=56492&p=146769p142160#p146769 .

Separate audio devices such as two USB microphones or devices on different computers will have separate clock speeds (in the absence of a master clock to synchronize to). Therefore the two inputs may drift apart over time.

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