QFlags Class
The QFlags class provides a type-safe way of storing OR-combinations of enum values. More...
Header: | #include <QFlags> |
qmake: | QT += core |
Public Types
Public Functions
QFlags(const QFlags<T> &other) | |
QFlags(Enum flags) | |
QFlags(QFlags::Zero = Q_NULLPTR) | |
QFlags(QFlag flag) | |
QFlags<T> & | operator=(const QFlags<T> &other) |
Macros
Q_DECLARE_FLAGS(Flags, Enum) | |
Q_DECLARE_OPERATORS_FOR_FLAGS(Flags) |
Detailed Description
The QFlags class provides a type-safe way of storing OR-combinations of enum values.
The QFlags<Enum> class is a template class, where Enum is an enum type. QFlags is used throughout Qt for storing combinations of enum values.
The traditional C++ approach for storing OR-combinations of enum values is to use an int
or uint
variable. The inconvenience with this approach is that there's no type checking at all; any enum value can be OR'd with any other enum value and passed on to a function that takes an int
or uint
.
Qt uses QFlags to provide type safety. For example, the Qt::Alignment type is simply a typedef for QFlags<Qt::AlignmentFlag>. QLabel::setAlignment() takes a Qt::Alignment parameter, which means that any combination of Qt::AlignmentFlag values, or 0, is legal:
label->setAlignment(Qt::AlignLeft | Qt::AlignTop);
If you try to pass a value from another enum or just a plain integer other than 0, the compiler will report an error. If you need to cast integer values to flags in a untyped fashion, you can use the explicit QFlags constructor as cast operator.
If you want to use QFlags for your own enum types, use the Q_DECLARE_FLAGS() and Q_DECLARE_OPERATORS_FOR_FLAGS().
Example:
class MyClass { public: enum Option { NoOptions = 0x0, ShowTabs = 0x1, ShowAll = 0x2, SqueezeBlank = 0x4 }; Q_DECLARE_FLAGS(Options, Option) ... }; Q_DECLARE_OPERATORS_FOR_FLAGS(MyClass::Options)
You can then use the MyClass::Options
type to store combinations of MyClass::Option
values.
Flags and the Meta-Object System
The Q_DECLARE_FLAGS() macro does not expose the flags to the meta-object system, so they cannot be used by Qt Script or edited in Qt Designer. To make the flags available for these purposes, the Q_FLAG() macro must be used:
Q_FLAG(Options)
Naming Convention
A sensible naming convention for enum types and associated QFlags types is to give a singular name to the enum type (e.g., Option
) and a plural name to the QFlags type (e.g., Options
). When a singular name is desired for the QFlags type (e.g., Alignment
), you can use Flag
as the suffix for the enum type (e.g., AlignmentFlag
).
See also QFlag.
Member Type Documentation
typedef QFlags::Int
Typedef for the integer type used for storage as well as for implicit conversion. Either int
or unsigned int
, depending on whether the enum's underlying type is signed or unsigned.
This typedef was introduced in Qt 5.0.
typedef QFlags::enum_type
Typedef for the Enum template type.
Member Function Documentation
QFlags::QFlags(const QFlags<T> &other)
Constructs a copy of other.
QFlags::QFlags(Enum flags)
Constructs a QFlags object storing the flags.
QFlags::QFlags(QFlags::Zero = Q_NULLPTR)
Constructs a QFlags object with no flags set. The parameter must be a literal 0 value.
QFlags::QFlags(QFlag flag)
Constructs a QFlags object initialized with the integer flag.
The QFlag type is a helper type. By using it here instead of int
, we effectively ensure that arbitrary enum values cannot be cast to a QFlags, whereas untyped enum values (i.e., int
values) can.
QFlags<T> &QFlags::operator=(const QFlags<T> &other)
Assigns other to this object and returns a reference to this object.
Macro Documentation
Q_DECLARE_FLAGS(Flags, Enum)
The Q_DECLARE_FLAGS() macro expands to
typedef QFlags<Enum> Flags;
Enum is the name of an existing enum type, whereas Flags is the name of the QFlags<Enum> typedef.
See the QFlags documentation for details.
See also Q_DECLARE_OPERATORS_FOR_FLAGS().
Q_DECLARE_OPERATORS_FOR_FLAGS(Flags)
The Q_DECLARE_OPERATORS_FOR_FLAGS() macro declares global operator|()
functions for Flags, which is of type QFlags<T>.
See the QFlags documentation for details.
See also Q_DECLARE_FLAGS().